Cask Strength Whisky is bottled straight out of the barrel without any dilution after aging. This leads to a significantly higher % of Alcohol by Volume (ABV), with 50-60% being a common ABV range for Cask Strength Whiskyβ compared to a standard of 40-46% for most whiskies.
There are a few factors that impact the final ABV of a whisky including the dilution of the new make spirit before aging, as well as the impact of time and temperature on evaporation.